Cleansing compositions

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are cleansing compositions comprising one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of: i) anionic surfactants, ii) amphoteric surfactants, iii) nonionic surfactants, iv) cationic surfactants and v) mixtures thereof, where the dynamic viscosity of the compositions at 25° C. is at least about 100,000 centipoise and where the cleansing composition results in no or minimal eye sting. Also disclosed disposable articles comprising water insoluble substrates releasably containing the cleansing compositions, a process for making the disposable articles and a method of use.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is a divisional application of U.S. applicationSer. No. 09/725,649, filed Nov. 29, 2000.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates to cleansing compositionscomprising one or more surfactants selected from the group consistingof: i) anionic surfactants, ii) amphoteric surfactants, iii) nonionicsurfactants, iv) cationic surfactants and v) mixtures thereof, where thedynamic viscosity of the compositions at 250 C is at least about 100,000centipoise and where the cleansing composition results in no or minimaleye sting.

[0003] The instant cleansing compositions are preferably used inreleaseable combination with a disposable substrate as a personalcleansing product.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Personal care products, particularly cleansing and conditioningproducts, have traditionally been marketed in a variety of forms such asbar soaps, creams, lotions, and gels. Typically, these products mustsatisfy a number of criteria to be acceptable to consumers. Thesecriteria include cleansing effectiveness, skin feel, mildness to skin,hair, and ocular mucosae, and lather volume. Ideal personal cleansersshould gently cleanse the skin or hair, cause little or no irritation,and should not leave the skin or hair overly dry after frequent use.Further, cleansing compositions, particularly shampoos, designed for usewith children should exhibit mildness to the ocular mucosae, and no orminimal eye sting, should material from the cleansing composition beplaced in the eye.

[0005] U.S. Pat. No. 5,139,705 (Wittpenn, Jr., et al.) discloses mildnon-irritating surfactant compositions which include an anionicsurfactant, an amine oxide, a nonionic surfactant having a relativelylow melting point and a nonionic surfactant having a high melting pointrelative to the low melting point nonionic surfactant. The compositionsof Wittpenn, Jr., et al. contain approximately 90% water. The viscosityrequirements of the products of the instant invention would not be metby Wittpenn's compositions.

[0006] It is highly desirable to deliver cleansing and conditioningbenefits from a disposable substrate. Disposable products are convenientbecause they obviate the need to carry or store cumbersome bottles,bars, jars, tubes, and other forms of clutter associated with cleansingproducts and other products capable of providing therapeutic oraesthetic benefits. Disposable products are also a more sanitaryalternative to the use of a sponge, washcloth, or other cleansingimplement intended for extensive reuse, because such implements candevelop bacterial growth, unpleasant odors, and other undesirablecharacteristics related to repeated use.

[0007] There is also a need for personal care articles, such asdisposable washcloths, which can be easily used by young children. Suchchild-friendly personal care products must be easy to handle and themethod of utilizing them must be easily understood. In addition tomildness to the ocular mucosae, there should be no or minimal eye sting,should material from the cleansing composition contact the eye while achild is using the article. Therefore, the invention encompassesdisposable cleansing articles wherein the cleansing composition producesno or minimal eye sting when introduced into the eye.

[0008] Disposable substrates containing mild cleansing compositionsproducing no or minimal eye sting, would also facilitate such tasks asmake-up removal (particularly eye make-up) and cleaning of animals, suchas pets.

[0009] While a variety of cleansing compositions associated withsubstrates are known in the art, they are not appropriate for use wheresubstantial amounts of cleansing composition can be deposited into theeye. The present invention overcomes these problems by providing acleansing composition which generates no or minimal eye sting.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The present invention relates to cleansing compositions in pasteform comprising one or more surfactants selected from the groupconsisting of: i) anionic surfactants, ii) amphoteric surfactants, iii)nonionic surfactants, iv) cationic surfactants, and v) mixtures thereof,where the viscosity of the compositions at 25° C. is at least about100,000 centipoise and where the cleansing composition results in no orminimal eye sting.

[0011] One embodiment of the cleansing composition has a first dynamicviscosity at 25° C. and a second dynamic viscosity over a temperaturerange of 60° C. to 125° C., said first and second dynamic viscositieshaving a ratio of said first dynamic viscosity to said second dynamicviscosity greater than or equal to about 1.1.

[0012] In addition embodiments of the cleansing composition have a firstflow viscosity at 25° C. and a second dynamic viscosity over atemperature range of 60° C. to 125° C., said first and second flowviscosities having a ratio of said first flow viscosity to said secondflow viscosity greater than or equal to about 1.1.

[0013] Compositions exhibiting these preferred ratios of viscosities areextremely viscous at room temperature (25° C.) but become liquid atrelatively low temperatures, allowing for ease in processing whilecontributing to stability on the substrate, i.e., the instant cleansingcompositions tend to remain on the substrate due to their viscosity atroom temperature. Cleansing compositions with the above characteristicsare considered “hot melt” surfactant compositions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014]FIG. 1A is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of the presentinvention with stripes of cleansing composition and circular bondingpoints.

[0015]FIG. 1B is a perspective view of FIG. 1a.

[0016]FIG. 1C is a cross sectional view of FIG. 1A taken along Line 1C.

[0017]FIG. 2A is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of the presentinvention with dots of cleansing composition and short bonding lines.

[0018]FIG. 2B is an expanded perspective view of FIG. 2a, showing across section and illustrating the structure of the article.

[0019]FIG. 2C is a cross sectional view of FIG. 2A taken along Line 2C.

[0020]FIG. 3A is a top plan view of a circular pad of insolublesubstrate with a grid of cleansing composition printed on.

[0021]FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the circular pad of FIG. 3a.

[0022]FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a mitt with cleansing compositionapplied in the center of the palm.

[0023]FIG. 5A is a top plan view showing alternative positions of thecleansing component in relation to a benefit agent in a multiplechambered embodiment of the article of the present invention.

[0024]FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the article of FIG. 5a.

[0025]FIG. 5C is a cross sectional view of FIG. 5A taken along Line 5C.

[0026]FIG. 6A is a top plan view showing alternative positions of thecleansing component in relation to a benefit agent in a multiplechambered embodiment of the article of the present invention.

[0027]FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the article of FIG. 6a.

[0028]FIG. 6C is a cross sectional view of FIG. 6A taken along Line 6C.

DEFINITIONS

[0029] All percentages and ratios used herein, unless otherwiseindicated, are by weight and all measurements made are at 25° C., unlessotherwise designated. The invention can comprise, consist of, or consistessentially of, the essential as well as optional ingredients andcompositions described herein.

[0030] As used herein the abbreviation “gsm” means “grams per squaremeter”.

[0031] As used herein the abbreviation “cps” means “centipoise persecond”.

[0032] All documents referred to herein, including patents, patentapplications, and printed publications, are hereby incorporated byreference in their entirety in this disclosure.

[0033] As used herein, “disposable” is used in its ordinary sense tomean an article that is disposed or discarded after a limited number ofusage events, preferably less than 25, more preferably less than about10, and most preferably less than about 2 entire usage events.

[0034] As used herein, “substantially dry” means that the articles ofthe present invention exhibit a Moisture Retention Value of less thanabout 0.95 gms, preferably less than about 0.75 gms, even morepreferably, less than about 0.5 gms, even more preferably less thanabout 0.25 gms, even still more preferably less than about 0.15 gms, andmost preferably, less than about 0.1 gms. The determination of theMoisture Retention Value is discussed hereinafter.

[0035] As used herein “paste” or “paste form” means a composition ofsemisolid consistency.

[0036] Also, as used herein, “non-scouring” means having an AbrasivenessValue of greater than about 15, preferably greater than about 30, morepreferably greater than about 50, even more preferably greater thanabout 70, and most preferably greater than about 80, as defined by theAbrasiveness Value Methodology described below.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] The present invention comprises a cleansing composition whichcomprises a specific surfactant system as described above. The presentinvention also comprises a cleansing article with comprises saidcleansing composition releasably disposed on a water insolublesubstrate.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment of the composition, the anionicsurfactant is preferably an alkyl sulfate. In an even more preferableembodiment, this alkyl sulfate is sodium laureth sulfate. In anadditional preferred embodiment of the composition, the amphotericsurfactant is a betaine. In an even more preferable embodiment, thisbetaine is cocoamidopropyl betaine. In yet another preferred embodimentof the composition, the nonionic surfactant is PEG 200 glyceryltallowate.

[0039] An advantage of this invention is that the instant articles aresuitable for use by young children in personal cleansing. Due to theease and simple method of use and the fact that usage of the instant thecleansing composition results in low or no eye sting, very youngchildren are able to bathe themselves, to an extent independently, withthe instant articles.

[0040] Examples of additional uses of the instant cleansing compositionsin combination with disposable substrates are washcloths for make upremoval, specifically eye make up removal and cloths for cleaninganimals, particularly pets.

[0041] A. Cleansing Composition

[0042] The cleansing composition comprises one or more surfactantsselected from the group consisting of: i) anionic surfactants, ii)amphoteric surfactants, iii) nonionic surfactants, iv) cationicsurfactants, and v) mixtures thereof, wherein the dynamic viscosity ofthe composition meets specific viscosity specifications outlined aboveand wherein the cleansing component results in no or minimal eye sting.

[0043] The surfactants of the cleansing component may be lathering ornon-lathering surfactants. As used herein, “lathering surfactant” meansa surfactant, which when combined with water and mechanically agitatedgenerates a foam or lather. A “nonlathering surfactant” produces no suchfoam or lather under similar conditions. It is preferred, however, thatthe surfactants be lathering since increased lather is important toconsumers as an indication of cleansing effectiveness.

[0044] The surfactants or combinations of surfactants should be mild. Asused herein, “mild” means that the surfactants as well as the articlesof the present invention demonstrate skin mildness comparable to a mildalkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS) surfactant based synthetic bar,i.e., synbar. Methods for measuring mildness, or inversely theirritancy, of surfactant containing articles, are based on a skinbarrier destruction test. In this test, the milder the surfactant, thelesser the skin barrier is destroyed. Skin barrier destruction ismeasured by the relative amount of radio-labeled (tritium labeled) water(3H—H₂O) which passes from the test solution through the skin epidermisinto the physiological buffer contained in the diffusate chamber. Thistest is described by T. J. Franz in the J. Invest. Dermatol., 1975, 64,pp. 190-195; and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,673,525, to Small et al., issuedJun. 16, 1987, which are both incorporated by reference herein in theirentirety. Other testing methodologies for determining surfactantmildness well known to those skilled in the art can also be used.

[0045] A wide variety of lathering surfactants are useful herein andinclude those selected from the group consisting of anionic latheringsurfactants, nonionic lathering surfactants, amphoteric latheringsurfactants, and mixtures thereof.

[0046] Anionic Lathering Surfactants

[0047] Nonlimiting examples of anionic lathering surfactants useful inthe compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's,Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American edition (1986), published byAllured Publishing Corporation; McCutcheon's, Functional Materials,North American Edition (1992); and U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, to Laughlinet al., issued Dec. 30, 1975, each of which is incorporated by referenceherein in their entirety.

[0048] A wide variety of anionic surfactants are potentially usefulherein. Nonlimiting examples of anionic lathering surfactants includethose selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates and alkylether sulfates, sulfated monoglycerides, sulfonated olefins, alkyl arylsulfonates, primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinates, acyl taurates, acyl isethionates, alkyl glycerylethersulfonates, alkyl glyceryl sulfonates, alkyl glyceryl esters, alkylglycinates, sulfonated methyl esters, sulfonated fatty acids, alkylphosphates, acyl glutamates, acyl sarcosinates, alkyl sulfoacetates,acylated peptides, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl lactylates, anionicfluorosurfactants, amid ether sulfates, and combinations thereof.Combinations of anionic surfactants can be used effectively in thepresent invention.

[0049] Preferred anionic surfactants for use in the cleansing componentinclude alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates. These materials have therespective formulae R¹O—SO₃M and R¹(CH₂H₄O)x-O—SO₃M, wherein R¹ is asaturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-solublecation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine(TEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and monoethanolamine (MEA). The alkylsulfates are typically made by the sulfation product of monohydricalcohols (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) using sulfurtrioxide or other known sulfation techniques. The alkyl ether sulfatesare typically made by sulfation of condensation products of ethyleneoxide and monohydric alcohols (having from about 8 to about 24 carbonatoms). These alcohols can be derived from fats, e.g., coconut oil ortallow, or can be synthetic. Specific examples of alkyl sulfates whichmay be used in the cleansing component are sodium, ammonium, potassium,magnesium, and TEA salts of lauryl or myristyl sulfate. Examples ofalkyl ether sulfates which may be used include ammonium, sodium,magnesium, or TEA laureth-3 sulfate.

[0050] Another suitable class of anionic surfactants are the sulfatedmonoglycerides of the form R¹CO—O—CH₂—C(OH)H—CH₂—O—SO₃M, wherein R¹ is asaturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such asammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamineand monoethanolamine. These are typically made by the reaction ofglycerin with fatty acids (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms)to form a monoglyceride and the subsequent sulfation of thismonoglyceride with sulfur trioxide. An example of a sulfatedmonoglyceride is sodium cocomonoglyceride sulfate.

[0051] Other suitable anionic surfactants include olefin sulfonates ofthe form R¹SO₃M, wherein R¹ is a mono-olefin having from about 12 toabout 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium,sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine andmonoethanolamine. These compounds can be produced by the sulfonation ofalpha olefins by means of uncomplexed sulfur trioxide, followed byneutralization of the acid reaction mixture in conditions such that anysultones which have been formed in the reaction are hydrolyzed to givethe corresponding hydroxyalkanesulfonate. An example of a sulfonatedolefin is sodium C14/C16 alpha olefin sulfonate.

[0052] Other suitable anionic surfactants are the linear alkylbenzenesulfonates of the form R¹—C₆H₄—SO₃M, wherein R¹ is a saturated orunsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium,potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine andmonoethanolamine. These are formed by the sulfonation of linear alkylbenzene with sulfur trioxide. An example of this anionic surfactant issodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0053] Still other anionic surfactants suitable for this cleansingcomponent include the primary or secondary alkane sulfonates of the formR¹SO₃M, wherein R¹ is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranchedalkyl chain from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is awater-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium,triethanolamine, diethanolamine and monoethanolamine. These are commonlyformed by the sulfonation of paraffins using sulfur dioxide in thepresence of chlorine and ultraviolet light or another known sulfonationmethod. The sulfonation can occur in either the secondary or primarypositions of the alkyl chain. An example of an alkane sulfonate usefulherein is alkali metal or ammonium C13-C17 paraffin sulfonates.

[0054] Still other suitable anionic surfactants are the alkylsulfosuccinates, which include disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate;diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; tetrasodiumN-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinate; diamyl ester of sodiumsulfosuccinic acid; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; anddioctyl esters of sodium sulfosuccinic acid.

[0055] Also useful are taurates which are based on taurine, which isalso known as 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid. Examples of taurates includeN-alkyltaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine withsodium isethionate as detailed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,072 which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Other examples basedof taurine include the acyl taurines formed by the reaction of n-methyltaurine with fatty acids (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms).

[0056] Another class of anionic surfactants suitable for use in thecleansing component is the acyl isethionates. The acyl isethionatestypically have the formula R¹CO—O—CH₂CH₂SO₃M wherein R¹ is a saturatedor unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group having from about 10to about 30 carbon atoms, and M is a cation. These are typically formedby the reaction of fatty acids (having from about 8 to about 30 carbonatoms) with an alkali metal isethionate. Nonlimiting examples of theseacyl isethionates include ammonium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoylisethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0057] Still other suitable anionic surfactants are the alkylglycerylether sulfonates of the form R¹—OCH₂—C(OH)H—CH₂—SO₃M, wherein R¹ is asaturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group from about8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such asammonium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triethanolamine, diethanolamineand monoethanolamine. These can be formed by the reaction ofepichlorohydrin and sodium bisulfite with fatty alcohols (having fromabout 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) or other known methods. One example issodium cocoglyceryl ether sulfonate.

[0058] Other suitable anionic surfactants include the sulfonated fattyacids of the form R¹—CH(SO₄)—COOH and sulfonated methyl esters of theform R¹—CH(SO₄)—CO—O—CH₃, where R¹ is a saturated or unsaturated,branched or unbranched alkyl group from about 8 to about 24 carbonatoms. These can be formed by the sulfonation of fatty acids or alkylmethyl esters (having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms) with sulfurtrioxide or by another known sulfonation technique. Examples includealpha sulphonated coconut fatty acid and lauryl methyl ester.

[0059] Other anionic materials include phosphates such as monoalkyl,dialkyl, and trialkylphosphate salts formed by the reaction ofphosphorous pentoxide with monohydric branched or unbranched alcoholshaving from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. These can also be formedby other known phosphation methods. An example from this class ofsurfactants is sodium mono or dilaurylphosphate.

[0060] Other anionic materials include acyl glutamates corresponding tothe formula R¹CO—N(COOH)—CH₂CH₂-CO₂M wherein R¹ is a saturated orunsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl group of about 8 toabout 24 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation. Nonlimitingexamples of which include sodium lauroyl glutamate and sodium cocoylglutamate.

[0061] Other anionic materials include alkanoyl sarcosinatescorresponding to the formula R¹CON(CH₃)—CH₂CH₂—CO₂M wherein R¹ is asaturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl groupof about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation.Nonlimiting examples of which include sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodiumcocoyl sarcosinate, and ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate.

[0062] Other anionic materials include alkyl ether carboxylatescorresponding to the formula R¹—(OCH₂CH₂)x-OCH₂—CO₂M wherein R¹ is asaturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl groupof about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 10, and M is awater-soluble cation. Nonlimiting examples of which include sodiumlaureth carboxylate. Other anionic materials include acyl lactylatescorresponding to the formula R¹CO—[O—CH(CH₃)—CO]x-CO₂ M wherein R¹ is asaturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl or alkenyl groupof about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 3, and M is a water-solublecation. Nonlimiting examples of which include sodium cocoyl lactylate.

[0063] Other anionic materials include the carboxylates, nonlimitingexamples of which include sodium lauroyl carboxylate, sodium cocoylcarboxylate, and ammonium lauroyl carboxylate. Anionic flourosurfactantscan also be used.

[0064] Other anionic materials include natural soaps derived from thesaponification of vegetable and/or animal fats & oils examples of whichinclude sodium laurate, sodium myristate, TEA palmitate, potassiumstearate, sodium tallowate, and sodium cocoate.

[0065] Any counter cation, M, can be used on the anionic surfactant.Preferably, the counter cation is selected from the group consisting ofsodium, potassium, ammonium, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, andtriethanolamine. More preferably, the counter cation is ammonium.

[0066] Nonionic Lathering Surfactants

[0067] Nonlimiting examples of nonionic lathering surfactants for use inthe compositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's,Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American edition (1986), published byallured Publishing Corporation; and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials,North American Edition (1992); both of which are incorporated byreference herein in their entirety.

[0068] Nonionic lathering surfactants useful herein include thoseselected from the group consisting of alkyl glucosides, alkylpolyglucosides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkoxylated fattyalcohols, alkoxylated fatty acid esters, sucrose esters, and mixturesthereof.

[0069] Alkyl glucosides and alkyl polyglucosides are useful herein, andcan be broadly defined as condensation products of long chain alcohols,e.g., about C₈₋₃₀ alcohols, with sugars or starches or sugar or starchpolymers, i.e., glycosides or polyglycosides. These compounds can berepresented by the formula (Su)_(n)—O—R wherein Su is a sugar moietysuch as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose; n is an integer offrom about 1 to about 1000, and R is an about C₈₋₃₀ alkyl group.Examples of long chain alcohols from which the alkyl group can bederived include decyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, laurylalcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like. Preferredexamples of these surfactants include those wherein Su is a glucosemoiety, R is an about C8-20 alkyl group, and n is an integer of fromabout 1 to about 9. Commercially available examples of these surfactantsinclude decyl polyglucoside (available as APG 325 CS from Henkel) andlauryl polyglucoside (available as APG 600 CS and 625 CS from Henkel).Also useful are sucrose ester surfactants such as sucrose cocoate andsucrose laurate.

[0070] Other useful nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acidamide surfactants, more specific examples of which include glucosamides,corresponding to the structural formula:

[0071] wherein: R¹ is H, C₁-C₄ alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy-propyl,preferably about C₁-C₄ alkyl, more preferably methyl or ethyl, mostpreferably methyl; R is C₅-C₃₁ alkyl or alkenyl, preferably about C₇-C₁₉alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably about C₉-C₁₇ alkyl or alkenyl, mostpreferably about C₁₁-C₁₅ alkyl or alkenyl; and Z is apolhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with aleast 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylatedderivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof. Zpreferably is a sugar moiety selected from the group consisting ofglucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, xylose, andmixtures thereof. An especially preferred surfactant corresponding tothe above structure is coconut alkyl N-methyl glucoside amide (i.e.,wherein the R¹CO— moiety is derived from coconut oil fatty acids).Processes for making compositions containing polyhydroxy fatty acidamides are disclosed, for example, in G.B. Patent Specification 809,060,published Feb. 18, 1959, by Thomas Hedley & Co., Ltd.; U.S. Pat. No.2,965,576, to E. R. Wilson, issued Dec. 20, 1960; U.S. Pat. No.2,703,798, to A. M. Schwartz, issued Mar. 8, 1955; and U.S. Pat. No.1,985,424, to Piggott, issued Dec. 25, 1934; each of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0072] Other examples of nonionic surfactants include amine oxides.Amine oxides correspond to the general formula R1R₂R₃N→O, wherein R₁contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties,and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety, and R₂ and R₃ contain from about1 to about 3 carbon atoms and from 0 to about 1 hydroxy group, e.g.,methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl radicals. Thearrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolarbond. Examples of amine oxides suitable for use in this inventioninclude dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl) amineoxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyl-decylamine oxide,dimethyl-tetradecylamine oxide, 3,6,9-trioxaheptadecyldiethylamineoxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide,2-dodecoxyethyldimethylamine oxide,3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(3-hydroxypropyl)amine oxide,dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.

[0073] Nonlimiting examples of preferred nonionic surfactants for useherein are those selected from the group consisting of about C₈-C₁₄glucose amides, about C₈-C₁₄ alkyl polyglucosides, sucrose cocoate,sucrose laurate, and mixtures thereof.

[0074] Amphoteric Lathering Surfactants

[0075] The term “amphoteric lathering surfactant,” as used herein, isalso intended to encompass zwitterionic surfactants, which are wellknown to formulators skilled in the art as a subset of amphotericsurfactants.

[0076] A wide variety of amphoteric lathering surfactants can be used inthe compositions of the present invention. Particularly useful are thosewhich are broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary andtertiary amines, preferably wherein the nitrogen is in a cationic state,in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain andwherein one of the radicals contains an ionizable water solubilizinggroup, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.

[0077] Nonlimiting examples of amphoteric surfactants useful in thecompositions of the present invention are disclosed in McCutcheon's,Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American edition (1986), published byallured Publishing Corporation; and McCutcheon's, Functional Materials,North American Edition (1992); both of which are incorporated byreference herein in their entirety.

[0078] Nonlimiting examples of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactantsare those selected from the group consisting of betaines, sultaines,hydroxysultaines, alkyliminoacetates, iminodialkanoates, aminoalkanoatesalkylammonium propionates, and mixtures thereof.

[0079] Examples of betaines include the higher alkyl betaines, such ascoco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxymethylbetaine, lauryl dimethyl alphacarboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethylcarboxyrnethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl betaine (available as Lonzaine16SP from Lonza Corp.), lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) carboxymethylbetaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, coco dimethylsulfopropyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine, amidobetaines andamidosulfobetaines (wherein the RCONH(CH₂)₃ radical is attached to thenitrogen atom of the betaine), oleyl betaine (available as amphotericVelvetex OLB-50 from Henkel), and cocamidopropyl betaine (available asVelvetex BK-35 and BA-35 from Henkel).

[0080] Examples of sultaines and hydroxysultaines include materials suchas cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine (available as Mirataine CBS fromRhone-Poulenc).

[0081] Preferred for use herein are amphoteric surfactants having thefollowing structure:

[0082] wherein R¹ is unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated, straightor branched chain alkyl having from about 9 to about 22 carbon atoms.Preferred R¹ has from about 11 to about 18 carbon atoms; more preferablyfrom about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms; more preferably still from about14 to about 18 carbon atoms; m is an integer from 1 to about 3, morepreferably from about 2 to about 3, and more preferably about 3; n iseither 0 or 1, preferably 1; R² and R³ are independently selected fromthe group consisting of alkyl having from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms,unsubstituted or mono-substituted with hydroxy, preferred R² and R³ areCH₃; X is selected from the group consisting of CO₂, SO₃ and SO₄; R⁴ isselected from the group consisting of saturated or unsaturated, straightor branched chain alkyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with hydroxy,having from 1 to about 5 carbon atoms. When X is CO₂, R⁴ preferably has1 or 3 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 carbon atom. When X is SO₃ orSO₄, R⁴ preferably has from about 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, morepreferably 3 carbon atoms.

[0083] Examples of amphoteric surfactants of the present inventioninclude the following compounds: Cetyl dimethyl betaine (this materialalso has the CTFA designation cetyl betaine)

[0084] wherein R has from about 9 to about 13 carbon atoms

[0085] Cocamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine

[0086] wherein R has from about 9 to about 13 carbon atoms, Examples ofother useful amphoteric surfactants are alkyliminoacetates, andiminodialkanoates and aminoalkanoates of the formulas RN[CH₂)_(m)CO₂M]₂and RNH(CH ₂)_(m)CO₂M wherein m is from about 1 to 4, R is An aboutC₈-C₂₂ alkyl or alkenyl, and M is H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metalammonium, or an alkanolammonium. Also included are imidazolinium andammonium derivatives. Specific examples of suitable amphotericsurfactants include sodium 3-dodecyl-aminopropionate, sodium3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate, N-higher alkyl aspartic acids such asthose produced according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety; and theproducts sold under the trade name “Miranol” and described in U.S. Pat.No. 2,528,378, which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety. Other examples of useful amphoterics include amphotericphosphates, such as coamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate(commercially available as Monaquat PTC, from Mona Corp.). Also usefulare amphoacetates such as disodium lauroamphodiacetate, sodiumlauroamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof.

[0087] Preferred lathering surfactants are selected from the groupconsisting of anionic lathering surfactants selected from the groupconsisting of ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium trideceth sulfate,sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, ammonium laureth sulfate, sodium laurethsulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium cocoylisethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate,sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium monolauryl phospate, sodium cocoglycerylether sulfonate, sodium C₉-C₂₂ soap, and combinations thereof; nonioniclathering surfactants selected from the group consisting of lauramineoxide, cocoamine oxide, decyl polyglucose, lauryl polyglucose, sucrosecocoate, C₁₂₋₁₄ glucosamides, sucrose laurate, and combinations thereof;cationic lathering surfactants selected from the group consisting offatty amines, di-fatty quaternary amines, tri-fatty quaternary amines,imidazolinium quaternary amines, and combinations thereof; amphotericlathering surfactants selected from the group consisting of disodiumlauroamphodiacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, cetyl dimethyl betaine,cocoamidopropyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine, andcombinations thereof.

[0088] Cationic Lathering Surfactants

[0089] Cationic lathering surfactants are also useful in the articles ofthe present invention. Suitable cationic lathering surfactants include,but are not limited to, fatty amines, di-fatty quaternary amines,tri-fatty quaternary amines, imidazolinium quaternary amines, andcombinations thereof. Suitable fatty amines include monalkyl quaternaryamines such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. A suitable quaternaryamine is dialklamidoethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate. The fattyamines, however, are preferred. It is preferred that a lather booster isused when the cationic lathering surfactant is the primary latheringsurfactant of the cleansing component. Additionally, nonionicsurfactants have been found to be particularly useful in combinationwith such cationic lathering surfactants.

[0090] B. Viscosity/Temperature Relationship of Cleansing Compositions

[0091] As disclosed above, the cleansing compositions of the instantinvention are, preferably, “hot melt” surfactant systems. Hot meltsurfactant systems have high viscosity at or around room temperature,and then melt (become substantially liquid) at higher temperatures. Suchsystems are advantageous during processing of a disposable,substantially dry (or dry to the touch) cleansing article since thesurfactant system can be applied (e.g., coated, sprayed, extruded) tothe substrate at a low viscosity (e.g., a liquid) at higher than roomtemperature, and then as the system cools down, it becomes a highviscosity paste or solid. In the present invention there is a requiredrange of temperatures and viscosities at which these changes take place.

[0092] Unless otherwise noted, all viscosities are measured as dynamicviscosities, as described herein.

[0093] Another consideration is stability of the finished product. Thecleansing composition must maintain a certain viscosity at or aroundroom temperature (25° C.) so that when the product is stored, the systemstays stable on the substrate (and does not melt off). This lowerviscosity limit is at least 100,000 cps for the present invention. Theviscosity at higher temperatures is preferably less than 100 million cpsin order to keep the system easy to process.

[0094] There is also a temperature range at which the cleansingcomposition undergoes significant changes in viscosity. The instantcleansing compositions are highly viscous at room temperature and meltinto liquid form at a temperature below 125° C. The temperature at whichthe composition melts should not be too low in order to prevent thecleansing composition, which has been deposited on the substrate frombecoming unstable (i.e., likely to melt) during normal usage conditions(room temperature up to ˜25° C.), but should not be too high or thetemperature necessary in order to apply the cleansing composition to thesubstrate will degrade the surfactants and any perfume that may bepresent (>125° C.). Therefore, for the present invention, it ispreferred that the significant viscosity change occurs at a temperaturewithin the range of about 25° C. to about 125° C., preferably within therange of about 40° C. to about 70° C., and most preferably within therange of about 40° C. to about 60° C.

[0095] Due to these constraints, there is a requirement of theaforementioned significant viscosity change that the ratio of thedynamic viscosities of the cleansing composition are such that thecleansing composition has a first dynamic viscosity at 25° C. and asecond dynamic viscosity at T° C. (as defined above), the first andsecond dynamic viscosities having a ratio of the first dynamic viscosityto the second dynamic viscosity of greater than or equal to 1.1, morepreferably greater than or equal to 5, even more preferably greater thanor equal to 8, and most preferably, greater than or equal to 10. Thisrequirement ensures that the viscosity change is significant enough toallow a process advantage.

[0096] Additionally, the flow viscosities preferably have a similarratio at the same temperatures.

[0097] C. Water Insoluble Substrate/Article

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention is an articlecomprising a water insoluble substrate with the cleansing compositiondescribed above deposited thereon. The water insoluble substratecomprises at least one layer, a first substrate sheet to which theinstant paste form cleansing composition is applied. In a preferredembodiment there is at least a second substrate sheet which is joined tothe first layer and which overlays the cleansing composition.

[0099] The Figures illustrate preferred embodiments of the presentinvention.

[0100] Top plan view FIG. 1A shows stripes 1 of cleansing composition(location only, not visible in actual article), bonding sites 2multiple, and second substrate sheet 3, which comprises a finishedarticle (10).

[0101] Perspective view FIG. 1B (of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A)shows first substrate sheet 5 with stripes 1 of cleansing compositionthereon and covered with second substrate sheet 3, third substrate sheet4, and bonded at sites 2 multiple.

[0102]FIG. 1C is a cross sectional view, taken along line 1C of FIG. 1A,showing first substrate sheet 5, bonding sites 2, second substrate sheet3, with stripes of cleansing composition 1 deposited thereon and thirdsubstrate sheet 4.

[0103] Top plan view FIG. 2A shows the location of dots of cleansingcomposition 21 (indicated on second substrate sheet 23 in dashed linesas the deposit of the dots is not actually visible in the top planview), bonded at sites multiple 22 which comprises a finished article(20).

[0104] Perspective view FIG. 2B taken along line 2C of FIG. 2A, showsthe location of dots of cleansing composition 21 (indicated on secondsubstrate sheet 23 in dashed lines as the deposit of the dots is notactually visible in the top plan view), bonded at sites multiple 22,third substrate sheet 24, first substrate sheet 25, and fourth substratesheet 26 which comprises a finished article.

[0105] Cross sectional view FIG. 2C taken along line 2C of FIG. 2A,shows dots of cleansing composition 21, bonded at sites multiple 22,second substrate sheet 23, third substrate sheet 24, first substratesheet 25, and fourth substrate sheet 26.

[0106] Top plan view FIG. 3A shows lines 31 of cleansing compositiondeposited in the form of a grid onto a substrate sheet 32 whichcomprises a finished article (30).

[0107] Perspective view FIG. 3B of the embodiment of FIG. 3A, showslines 31 of cleansing composition deposited in the form of a grid onto asubstrate sheet 32.

[0108]FIG. 4 shows an article in the form of a mitt of substrate sheet42 with cleansing composition 1 deposited in the area of the palm whichcomprises a finished article (40).

[0109] Top plan view FIG. 5A shows stripes 51 of cleansing composition,stripes 56 of benefit agent (neither of these stripes is visible in theactual article as they are deposited onto the middle layer), bondingsites 52 multiple and second substrate sheet 53 which comprises afinished article (50).

[0110] Perspective view FIG. 5B of the embodiment of FIG. 5A, showssecond substrate sheet 53 and first substrate sheet 55 with stripes 51of cleansing composition and stripes of benefit agent 56 therein,bonding sites 52 multiple, and third substrate sheet 54.

[0111] Cross sectional view FIG. 5C taken along line 5C of FIG. 5A,shows stripes 51 of cleansing composition, stripes 56 of benefit agent,bonding sites, multiple 52, second substrate sheet 53, third substratesheet 54, first substrate sheet 55.

[0112] Top plan view FIG. 6A shows stripes 61 of cleansing composition,bonding sites, multiple 62 with embedded benefit agent and secondsubstrate sheet 63 which comprises a finished article (60).

[0113] Perspective view FIG. 6B of the embodiment of FIG. 6A, showsfirst substrate sheet 65 with stripes 61 of cleansing compositionthereon, second substrate sheet 63, third substrate sheet 64, and bondedat sites 62, multiple with embedded benefit agent.

[0114] Cross sectional view FIG. 6C taken along line 6C of FIG. 6A,shows stripes of cleansing composition (61), bonded at sites (62),multiple, first substrate sheet (65), second substrate sheet (63), thirdsubstrate sheet (64), and benefit agent embedded at bonding sites (67)which comprises a finished article (60).

[0115] When the cleansing composition is disposed on the water insolublesubstrate, the articles of the present invention comprise from about0.5% to about 3,000%, preferably from about 50% to about 2,000%, andmore preferably from about 100% to about 1,500%, based on the weight ofthe untreated water insoluble substrate, of the surfactant composition.Also, for personal cleansing purposes a preferred article of the presentinvention preferably comprises at least about 1 gram, by weight of thetreated water insoluble substrate, of a surfactant.

[0116] Preferably, the substrate sheets are soft to the skin of theconsumer when used. In any case, however, the first sheet and the secondsheet are each defined as having both an interior and an exteriorsurface. In both cases, the interior surfaces of the sheets are thosewhich face the inside or innermost portion of the article of the presentinvention whereas the exterior surfaces of the sheets are those whichface the outside or outermost portion of the article.

[0117] In yet another preferred embodiment, the article of the presentinvention comprises one or more additional sheets which one havingordinary skill in the art would recognize as separate and distinct fromthe first and second sheets yet which are attached to the first andsecond sheets at some point. The additional sheets are suitable forenhancing the overall grippability of the side of the article closest tothe hand or other means for exerting mechanical action on the surface tobe cleansed. Also, the additional sheets may be suitable for enhancingeither the soft feel or scrubbing efficacy of the side of the articlewhich contacts the area to be cleansed. In any instance, theseadditional sheets may also be referred to as consecutively numberedsheets in addition to the two essential sheets of the articles of thepresent invention, e.g., third sheet, fourth sheet, etc.

[0118] In a preferred embodiment, at least one additional sheet ispositioned adjacently to the exterior surface of the first sheet suchthat it forms the outermost portion of the article. In this capacity,the third sheet is useful for providing a surface suitable forfacilitated gripping of the article by the hand. It is thereforedesirable that when the additional sheet is positioned adjacently to theexterior surface of the first layer, the third sheet exhibits a higherwet friction coefficient relative to the other sheets of the article.

[0119] In another embodiment, the article comprises a fourth sheet whichis disposed adjacent to the second sheet wherein the fourth sheetcomprises the same as or different materials from the third sheet.

[0120] Suitable materials for use as sheets of the water insolublesubstrate are selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to,nonwovens, wovens, sponges, polymeric netted meshes, formed films,battings, and combinations thereof. In preferred embodiments, theadditional sheets may be composite materials such that they each consistof one or more plies, each ply being made from the same or differentmaterials than the other plies.

[0121] In a preferred embodiment, the additional sheets of the articlesof the present invention have a thickness of at least one millimeter. Inthis preferred embodiment, the additional sheets having a thickness ofat least one millimeter provide structural support for the article suchthat its original shape is maintained throughout its useful life and thesheet also tends to enhance the softness perception to the consumer.

[0122] Materials suitable for use as the sheets of the water insolublesubstrate having a thickness of at least one millimeter include, but arenot limited to, those web materials disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.5,518,801, issued to Chappell et al. on May 21, 1996, which isincorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

[0123] Additional materials that are suitable for use as the sheets ofthe water insoluble substrate of the present invention include thecellulosic nonwovens described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,447,294, the formedfilms of U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,342,314 and 4,629,643.

[0124] Furthermore, each of the sheets of the water insoluble substrateof the present invention may be made into a wide variety of shapes andforms including flat pads, thick pads, thin sheets, ball-shapedimplements, irregularly shaped implements. The exact size of the sheetswill depend upon the desired use and characteristics of the article andmay range in surface area size from about a square inch to abouthundreds of square inches. Especially convenient layer and articleshapes include, but are not limited to, square, circular, rectangular,hourglass, or oval shapes having a surface area of from about 5 in² toabout 200 in², preferably from about 6 in² to about 120 in², and morepreferably from about 15 in² to about 100 in², and a thickness of fromabout 0.5 mm to about 50 mm, preferably from about 1 mm to about 25 mm,and more preferably from about 2 mm to about 20 mm.

[0125] D. Optional Components

[0126] The cleansing compositions and/or articles of the presentinvention may contain a variety of other components such as areconventionally used in a given product type provided that they do notunacceptably alter the benefits of the invention. These optionalcomponents should be suitable for application to human skin and hair;that is, when incorporated into the article they are suitable for use incontact with human skin without undue toxicity, incompatibility,instability, allergic response, and the like, within the scope of soundmedical or formulator's judgment. The CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook,Second Edition (1992) describes a wide variety of nonlimiting cosmeticand pharmaceutical ingredients commonly used in the skin care industry,which are suitable for use in the articles of the present invention.Examples of these ingredient classes include: enzymes, absorbents,aesthetic components such as fragrances, pigments, colorings/colorants,essential oils, skin sensates, anti-acne agents (e.g., resorcinol,sulfur, salicylic acid, erythromycin, zinc, etc.), anti-caking agents,antifoaming agents, additional antimicrobial agents (e.g., quatemium-15,methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, DMDM hydantoin etc.),antioxidants, binders, biological additives, buffering agents, bulkingagents, chelating agents, chemical additives, colorants, cosmeticbiocides, denaturants, external analgesics, film formers or materials,e.g., polymers, for aiding the film-forming properties and substantivityof the composition (e.g., copolymer of eicosene and vinyl pyrrolidone),humectants, opacifying agents, pH adjusters, propellants, reducingagents, sequestrants, skin-conditioning agents (humectants, includingmiscellaneous and occlusive), skin soothing and/or healing agents (e.g.,panthenol and derivatives (e.g., ethyl panthenol), aloe vera,pantothenic acid and its derivatives, allantoin, bisabolol, anddipotassium glycyrrhizinate), skin treating agents, thickeners,hydrocolloids, particular zeolites, and vitamins and derivatives thereof(e.g., tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, beta carotene, retinoic acid,retinol, retinoids, retinyl palmitate, niacin, niacinamide, and thelike). The cleansing compositions and/or articles of the presentinvention may include carrier components such as are known in the art.Such carriers can include one or more compatible liquid or solid fillerdiluents or vehicles which are suitable for application to skin or hair.Typically, such material comprise from about 0.01% to about 40%, byweight, of the compositions herein.

[0127] The cleansing compositions and/or articles of the presentinvention may optionally contain one or more of such optionalcomponents.

[0128] The optional components useful herein can be categorized by theirtherapeutic or aesthetic benefit or their postulated mode of action.However, it is to be understood that the optional components usefulherein can in some instances provide more than one therapeutic oraesthetic benefit or operate via more than one mode of action.Therefore, classifications herein are made for the sake of convenienceand are not intended to limit the component to that particularapplication or applications listed. Also, when applicable, thepharmaceutically-acceptable salts of the components are useful herein.

[0129] Chelators

[0130] The articles of the present invention may also comprise a safeand effective amount of a chelator or chelating agent. As used herein,“chelator” or “chelating agent” means an active agent capable ofremoving a metal ion from a system by forming a complex so that themetal ion cannot readily participate in or catalyze chemical reactions.The inclusion of a chelating agent is especially useful for providingprotection against UV radiation that can contribute to excessive scalingor skin texture changes and against other environmental agents, whichcan cause skin damage. Typically, such materials can comprise from about0.01% to about 40%, by weight, of the compositions herein.

[0131] A safe and effective amount of a chelating agent may be added tothe compositions of the subject invention, preferably from about 0.1% toabout 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, of thecomposition. Exemplary chelators that are useful herein are disclosed inU.S. Pat. No. 5,487,884, issued Jan. 30, 1996 to Bissett et al.;International Publication No. 91/16035, Bush et al., published Oct. 31,1995; and International Publication No. 91/16034, Bush et al., publishedOct. 31, 1995. Preferred chelators useful in compositions of the subjectinvention are furildioxime and derivatives thereof.

[0132] Binders

[0133] The articles of the present invention may optionally comprisebinders. Binders or binding materials are useful for sealing the variouslayers of the present articles to one another thereby maintaining theintegrity of the article. The binders may be in a variety of formsincluding, but not limited to, spray on, webs, separate layers, bindingfibers, etc. Suitable binders may comprise latexes, polyamides,polyesters, polyolefins and combinations thereof. Typically, suchmaterials comprise from about 0.01% to 40% of the compositions herein.

[0134] E. Properties of Article Components

[0135] The articles of the present invention exhibit specific physicalproperties as defined by the both the Dynamic and Flow ViscosityMeasurement, Eye Sting Test, Abrasiveness Value Test, Foamability Testand the Moisture Retention Value Methodology. These methods aredescribed below.

[0136] Dynamic Viscosity Measurement

[0137] Dynamic viscosity of the compositions is measured using aviscometer (available from TA Instruments of New Castle, Del. as modelnumber AR-1000N) in an oscillation mode. The measurements are conductedusing a parallel plate measuring system, having a diameter of 40 mm anda gap of 600 micron. The measurement commences after about 180 secondsequilibration time. Measurements are conducted on a temperature sweepfrom about 20° C. to 80° C. The dynamic viscosity measured at 2.498 Hzfrequency and 0.50 Pa oscillatory stress is used to characterize thecompositions. That is, all the dynamic viscosities disclosed and/orclaimed herein are measured at the operating conditions given above.

[0138] Flow Viscosity Measurement

[0139] The flow properties of the composition are measured using aviscometer (available from TA Instruments of New Castle, Del. as modelnumber AR-1000N) in a flow mode. The measurements are conducted using aparallel plate measuring system, having a diameter of 40 mm and a gap of600 micron. The measurement commences after about 180 secondsequilibration time. Viscosity measurements are conducted on a continuousshear ramp at both 25° C. and 60° C. with a shear rate of 10 inverseseconds (1/s).

[0140] Eve Sting Test

[0141] Twenty (20) panelists are given four (4) articles comprising thecleansing composition of Example 1 (below) deposited onto a waterinsoluble substrate. They are instructed to wash their faces with eachof the articles using the lathered article directly on or near the eyearea. They are then asked to fill out a questionnaire detailing how theyused the articles and if there was any irritation (eye or skin) causedby the article.

[0142] Abrasiveness Value Methodology

[0143] The Abrasiveness Value indicates the “non-scouring” property ofthe water insoluble substrate layers of the present articles. The layersof the present invention can be mildly exfoliating but are not rough(i.e., are soft) to the skin. Therefore, the Abrasiveness Valuedetermination involves rubbing the substrate along a test surface usinga mechanical device and then examining the resulting scratch marksproduced on the test surface using different analysis techniques.

[0144] The following equipment is needed for the methodology.

[0145] 1. Martindale Toothbrush Wear and Abrasion Tester: Model 103,serial nos. 103-1386/2 upwards. Martindale 07-01-88 made by James H.Heal and Co. Ltd. Textile Testing and QC Equipment. Foot area: 43×44 mm.1 Kg weight.

[0146] 2. Capped Polystyrene strips 11×8 cm. Clear general purposepolystyrene layer on white High Impact Polystyrene e.g. EMA ModelSupplies SS-20201L.

[0147] 3. Substrates to be tested.

[0148] 4. Glossmeter e.g. Sheen Tri-Microgloss 20-60-85

[0149] Prepare the polystyrene strips for scratching by removing plasticprotective coating from the side to be scratched and rinsing withethanol (do not use tissue). Place the strip onto non abrasive surfaceand allow strip to dry in the air. Then, attach the polystyrene strip tothe base of a Martindale wear tester with tape along the edges. Alignthe strip centrally under the path of the scrubbing device, with thelength of the strip in the direction of movement. Cut a 2.5″×2.5″substrate sample. Attach the substrate sample to the scrubbing foot ofthe Martindale wear tester, with double sided tape, aligning the machinedirection of the substrate with the direction of travel. Secure thescrubbing foot assembly into the instrument with the screws supplied.Slot 1 Kg weight on to the top of the scrubbing foot assembly and ensurethe scrubbing foot moves only in one direction (forward and backwards).Cover the entire Martindale wear tester with a safety screen. Set themachine to perform 50 cycles in 1 minute and allow to run.(Frequency=0.8331 Hz). Once the machine has stopped take off the footerassembly and lift the polystyrene strip off the base of the machine.Label the polystyrene indicating the substrate used and store in aplastic bag.

[0150] Next, the strips are analyzed. The strips are placed on a blackconstruction paper background and at least 5 samples of the samesubstrate are analyzed to get a reproducible average. The Glossmeter isplaced orthogonally (such that light beam is at right angles toscratches) and centrally over the scratched side of the polystyrenestrip. A 20° angle is selected and the sample is measured yielding theAbrasiveness Value. As the Abrasiveness Value decreases the scratchinessor scouring property of a substrate increases.

[0151] Moisture Retention Value Methodology

[0152] As described above, the articles of the present invention areconsidered to be “substantially dry”. As used herein, “substantiallydry” means that the articles of the present invention exhibit a MoistureRetention Value of less than about 0.95 gms, preferably less than about0.75 gms, even more preferably, less than about 0.5 gms, even morepreferably less than about 0.25 gms, even still more preferably lessthan about 0.15 gms, and most preferably, less than about 0.1 gms. TheMoisture Retention Value is indicative of the dry feel that usersperceive upon touching the articles of the present invention as opposedto the feel of “wet” wipes.

[0153] In order to determine the Moisture Retention Value of the presentarticles and other disposable substrate-based products, the followingequipment and materials are needed. Bounty White Procter & Gamble SKU37000 63037 Paper Towel Basis Weight = 42.14 gsm Balance Accurate to 0.0g Lexan 0.5″ thickness large enough to cover samples completely andweighs 1000 g Weight A 2000 g weight or combination to equal 2000 g

[0154] Next, weigh two paper towels separately and record each weight.Place one paper towel on flat surface (e.g., lab bench). Place thesample article on top of that towel. Place the other paper towel on topof sample article. Next, place the Lexan and then the 2000 g weight(s)on top of the sandwiched sample article. Wait 1 minute. After theminute, remove weight(s) and Lexan. Weigh the top and bottom paper toweland record the weight.

[0155] Calculate the Moisture Retention Value by subtracting the initialpaper towel weight from the final weight (after 1 minute) for both thetop and bottom paper towels. Add the weight differences obtained for thetop and bottom paper towels. Assuming multiple articles are tested,average the total weight differences to obtain the Moisture RetentionValue.

[0156] F. Methods of Manufacture

[0157] The cleansing articles of the present invention are manufacturedby first producing the cleansing composition (paste) by addition of thecomponents and mixing. The cleansing composition is then added to theappropriate water insoluble substrate of the first layer via aconventional method which may include, but is not limited to, spraying,slot coating, and roll transfer (e.g., pressure roll). Whereappropriate, the water insoluble substrate of the second layer is thenplaced on the substrate of the first layer over the cleansingcomposition.

[0158] When two or more of these substrate layers are bonded togetherany suitable means which one having ordinary skill in the art wouldchoose and be used. Examples are, but are not limited to, heat bonding,ultrasonic bonding, pressure bonding, entangling by water or mechanicalmeans (needling), sewing, gluing (see binders below), etc.

[0159] In a preferred embodiment, the bonding sites are created in areasof the article where there is no surfactant or benefit agent present atthe bond site for optimal bond strength. Suitable bonding patterns arefor example, but are not limited to, bonding in dots, stripes, lines,waves, or even more complex geometries.

[0160] G. Methods of Cleansing and Delivering a Therapeutic or AestheticBenefit Agent to the Skin or Hair

[0161] The articles of the present invention are intended to be wettedwith water prior to use. The article is wetted by immersion in water orby placing it under a stream of water. When the articles of the presentinvention comprise a lathering surfactant in the cleansing composition,lather may be generated from the article by mechanically agitatingand/or deforming the article either prior to or during contact of thearticle with the skin or hair. The resulting lather is useful forcleansing the skin or hair. During the cleansing process and subsequentrinsing with water, any therapeutic or aesthetic benefit agents aredeposited onto the skin or hair. Deposition of the therapeutic oraesthetic benefit agents are enhanced by the physical contact of thesubstrate with the skin or hair as well by the inclusion of one or moredeposition aids.

[0162] The following examples further illustrate the invention, but arenot intended to be limiting thereof.

EXAMPLE I Cleansing Composition

[0163] Component % wt. Sodium Laureth-3 Sulfate 63.6 CocamidopropylBetaine 23.8 PEG-200 Glyceryl Tallowate 10.0 Polyquatemium-10 1.1Preservative System 0.5 Whitener 0.5 Perfume 0.5

[0164] Results of Eye Sting Testing of articles comprising a waterinsoluble substrate and the cleansing composition of Example 1: Five (5)of the twenty (20) panelists experience some sort of eye irritation.Four (4) of these judged the irritation to be “mild” and the irritationoccurred with only one of the four articles. Three(3) of these five (5)panelists call the irritation nothing more than a “mild sensation” likethat of having water in the eyes. The fifth person experiences moderateirritation, like a particle is lodged in the corner of the eye, andagain this occurs with only one of the four articles.

EXAMPLE II Cleansing Composition

[0165] Component % wt. Sodium Lauryl Sarcosmate 49.4 CocamidopropylBetame 28.0 PEG-200 Glyceryl Tallowate 20.0 Polyquaternium-10 1.1Preservative System 0.5 Whitener 0.5 Perfume 0.5

EXAMPLE III

[0166] Component % wt. Sodium Laureth-3 Sulfate 43.6 CocamidopropylBetaine 23.8 Sodium Lauroyl EDTA 20.0 PEG-200 Glyceryl Tallowate 10.0Polyquaternium-10 1.1 Preservative System 0.5 Whitener 0.5 Perfume 0.5

EXAMPLE IV

[0167] A representative skin cleansing article is prepared in thefollowing manner.

[0168] The cleansing composition of Example I is applied to one side ofa first substrate by extruding it through a coating head continuously infour lines separated by a distance of 20 mm, 40 mm, and 20 mmrespectively, measuring widthwise across the sheet, making a pair ofparallel lines on the face of the interior side of the sheet.

[0169] The cleansing composition is extruded at a rate to yield 2.0grams of cleansing composition per finished article. The substrate sheetis a an airlaid, lofty, low density batting. The batting comprises ablend of 30% 15 denier PET fibers, 35% 3 denier bicomponent fibers withPET core and PE sheath, and 35% 10 denier bicomponent fibers of the samecore-sheath composition, and has a basis weight of about 100 grams persquare meter (gsm). A second sheet which is a spunlace blend of 50%polyethylene and 50% polypropylene fibers and which has a basis weightof about 30 gsm is continuously fed over the first substrate placing itin contact with the surfactant-containing layer. A third sheet which isa spunlace blend of 50% polyethylene and 50% polypropylene fibers andwhich has a basis weight of about 30 gsm is continuously fed below thefirst substrate, thereby, placing it in contact with the bottom of thecleansing composition-containing layer. The sheet are continuously fedto an ultrasonic sealer which seals a dot pattern comprising a grid of 4mm diameter sealing points spaced evenly across the face of the sheet.The sheet is cut into individual articles measuring about 120 mm×160 mmrectangles with rounded corners, which has a total of about 51 sealingpoints per article.

[0170] The foregoing discloses various examples and embodiments of theinvention, but other embodiments fall within the scope of the invention,as would be clear to one of skill in the art.

[0171] All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Inventionare, in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference; the citation ofany document is not to be construed as an admission that it is prior artwith respect to the present invention.

[0172] While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is thereforeintended to cover in the appended claims all such changes andmodifications that are within the scope of this invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A cleansing composition comprising one or moresurfactants selected from the group consisting of: i) anionicsurfactants, ii) amphoteric surfactants, iii) nonionic surfactants, iv)cationic surfactants, and v) mixtures thereof; and wherein the dynamicviscosity of the cleansing composition in paste form is at least about100,000 centipoise and wherein the cleansing composition results in noor minimal eye sting.
 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein thecleansing composition has a first dynamic viscosity at 25° C. and asecond dynamic viscosity over a temperature range of 60° C. to 125° C.,said first and second dynamic viscosities having a ratio of said firstdynamic viscosity to said second dynamic viscosity greater than or equalto about 1.1.
 3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the cleansingcomposition has a first flow viscosity at 25° C. and a second flowviscosity over a temperature range of 60° C. to 125° C., said first andsecond flow viscosities having a ratio of said first flow viscosity tosaid second flow viscosity greater than or equal to about 1.1.
 4. Thecomposition of claim 1 wherein the anionic surfactant is an alkyl ethersulfate.
 5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the alkyl ether sulfateis sodium laureth sulfate
 6. The composition of claim 1 wherein theamphoteric surfactant is a betaine.
 7. The composition of claim 6wherein the betaine is cocoamidopropyl betaine.
 8. The composition ofclaim 1 wherein the nonionic surfactant is PEG 200 glyceryl tallowate 9.A substantially dry disposable personal care article suitable forcleansing, said article comprising: a) a soft, non-scouring waterinsoluble substrate, said substrate releasably containing; b) acleansing composition comprising one or more surfactants selected fromthe group consisting of: i) anionic surfactants, ii) amphotericsurfactants, iii) nonionic surfactants, iv) cationic surfactants, and v)mixtures thereof; and wherein the dynamic viscosity of the cleansingcomposition in paste form is at least about 100,000 centipoise andwherein the cleansing composition results in no or minimal eye sting.10. The article of claim 9 wherein the cleansing composition has a firstdynamic viscosity at 25° C. and a second dynamic viscosity over atemperature range of 60° C. to 125° C., said first and second dynamicviscosities having a ratio of said first dynamic viscosity to saidsecond dynamic viscosity greater than or equal to about 1.1.
 11. Thearticle of claim 9 wherein the cleansing composition has a first flowviscosity at 25° C. and a second flow viscosity over a temperature rangeof 60° C. to 125° C., said first and second flow viscosities having aratio of said first flow viscosity to said second flow viscosity greaterthan or equal to about 1.1.
 12. The article of claim 9 wherein theanionic surfactant is an alkyl ether sulfate.
 13. The article of claim12 wherein the alkyl ether sulfate is sodium laureth sulfate.
 14. Thearticle of claim 9 wherein the amphoteric surfactant is a betaine. 15.The article of claim 14 wherein the betaine is cocoamidopropyl betaine.16. The article of claim 9 wherein the nonionic surfactant is PEG 200glyceryl tallowate.
 17. A process for producing the substantially drydisposable article of claim 9, said process comprising the steps of: a)providing a first water insoluble substrate layer, having an interiorsurface; b) forming a paste containing surface by extruding anddistributing onto said interior surface a paste comprising a cleansingcomposition, said composition comprising one or more surfactantsselected from the group consisting of: i) anionic surfactants, ii)amphoteric surfactants, iii) nonionic surfactants, and iv) cationicsurfactants, and wherein the dynamic viscosity of the cleansingcomposition in paste form is at least about 100,000 centipoise andwherein the cleansing composition results in no or minimal eye sting.18. The process according to claim 17 further comprising the step ofapplying at least a second additional water insoluble substrate layer tothe paste containing surface of the first water insoluble substratelayer.
 19. The process of claim 17 wherein the paste is extruded and ordistributed in the form of a pattern.
 20. A method of cleansing skin orhair with the disposable cleansing article of claim 9, comprising; a)wetting the cleansing article with water, b) contacting the skin or hairwith the article, with agitation.